What are chromosomes?

Publié le 2017/02/13

Chromosomes serve as the storage for this important material, periodically dividing along with cells and replicating to make copies of the DNA they contain. Chromosomes are also very important in sexual reproduction, as they allow an organism to pass genetic material on to descendants. In organisms with cell nuclei, known as eukaryotes, chromosomes are found inside the nucleus. Most of these organisms have a set of chromosomes which come in pairs. In structural cells, each cell retains a complete set of chromosomes, in what is known as diploid form, referring to the fact the chromosomes contain two copies of each gene. In cells for sexual reproduction like eggs or sperm, each cell only has half of the parent organism's genetic material, stored in haploid form, ensuring that each parent passes down one copy of its genes.

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